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Depends on the spice and the part of the world you're talking about. Chilli was/is used heavily in Mexico and India to add or mask flavour but, also they also have antibacterial and anti inflammatory properties in countries were you have / have had large concentrations of poor people.

Classical French Haute cuisine is heavily flavoured with fats (butter and creame) which required a lot of milk to create, i.e. the yield is low considering how much precious milk one had to put in. That was something that was at the time exclusively for the wealthy.


Here in the UK that is the case but, not for spices but for herbs. If you're from the UK you'll know that mint source with your Sunday roast is very common. It was invented by the Welsh to make their old lamb/mutton taste better.


> to make their old lamb/mutton taste better

I find that hard to swallow.

I think if you are brought up on mutton, then mutton tastes great! Although mutton or hogget is hard to find now.

I generally dislike most European beef dishes because they use tasteless (to me) veal or wintered(?) cattle. I prefer grass fed - probably because that is what I am used to?

And then it seems the same crowd get excited about wild pork or venison - strong flavored - the opinions just seem dissonant to me.

Although I do find ram, billy goat, and old glandy boar are rather too tasty for me!


Note that he said "old" as in, probably well past any "use-by" date (that wouldn't have existed back then). :)


As per @nrki's comment;

> I think if you are brought up on mutton, then mutton tastes great

No one has been "brought up on" any kind of meat further ago than the last 100 years or so, people couldn't afford it. People kept animals until they were old and had no other purposes (like milk or wool) before they were killed for meat.


That's definitely not true.


"How do you refer to your mother?"

I say "mother", why is that not in the list of predefined answers!?!

"Which of these words (if any) would you use for a baby?"

Baby. I say "baby" to describe a baby. How is this also not in the list of common answers!

I say many words for many things, e.g. I also say "sprog" for baby which was one of the predefined answers. What I can't understand is why these predefined answer sets don't contain the question word, do people really use (for example) "baby" less frequently than "sprog" to refer to a baby so it wasn't listed? Seems unlikely to me.


I think that's because those answers don't do anything to place you on the map. If you use "baby" to describe a baby, you could be from anywhere. So it's not a useful choice for this test.


Because they want to know what dialect you speak so it’s sort of pointless to ask about words everyone uses.


But "baby" (in this example) is the most common word I use. That is data too. Perhaps there is a part of the country were "baby" is more commonly used than anywhere else. Perhaps there is a part of the country where only "baby" is used. Maybe there is somewhere were its scarcely used.

Admitedtly I don't have their data set but I do see it as valid data/an answer. For example, they may have found that in one part of the country (because you can submit your location at the end) everyone uses "baby" and "sprog" and no others and that combination is unique to that area.


The "if any" questions mean just that. If you're not there, move on.


This is nothing new. This is a form of covert channel: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covert_channel

Specifically from the Wiki artical see the Timing Channel section.

Another interesting concept is to hide the bits in the unused options in protocol header fields (see the "Data hiding in TCP/IP Protocol suite by covert channels" section on the same Wiki artical).

I was looking for example code snippets online and found some examples of hiding bits in packet headers but, not in inter-packet timings. I ended up writing a transmit and receive script one afternoon at my desk out of boredom (although, just as a proof of concept to myself, I didn't take the time to refine to the superior levels of the OP, such as bit rate or reliability, as I never intended to use it): https://null.53bits.co.uk/index.php?page=icmp-messages

It would be nice to combine the technique used in some header-bit-packing scripts with the OPs timing based script; whereby one specifies the destination IP we want to communicate to secretly and alter the buffering of packets only to that IP. I never bothered to refine my scripts beyond "Hello World" because the timing based approach requires one to generate traffic that possibly otherwise wouldn't exist between the source and destination IP. Encoding bits in the inter-packet delay of existing "legitimate" flows to the destination would require it to be relatively close in terms of latency.


Not sure if you spotted the links in the post itself, but there's a working (basic) proof of concept here: https://github.com/vimist/packet_differential_encoding

Boyan commented on the post itself suggesting applying coding & modulation theory, which I thought was an interesting point.


Under the section "Cell towers moving from microwave to fiber optic" it is stated that 50-100Mbps backhaul links for cell towers are common. We're well beyond that; 5G trial sites they are starting to appear across the UK need 100G backhauls unless you want to severely restricted them.


No, 1 million people didn't try to get on the planes at the same time.


Forcing a shutdown of down airport service is literally a denial of service attack.

DoS attack doesn't necessarily mean high request volume.


You are thinking of a distributed denial of service attack (DDoS).


I assume there are a lot of famous technologies accredited to a company, I'd love to know the names of some of the engineers and researchers behind some of the great inventions that we simply credit to XYZ Inc.


I don't know squat about 3D printing. Is the plastic biodegradeable, otherwise you end up replace things (like the bouquet) with things that aren't recyclable / don't biodegrade ?


PLA Filament (The most common type in personal 3d printing) is technically compostable, but realistically will likely end up in a landfill due to inadequate disposal practices in most waste management systems.

https://serc.berkeley.edu/compostable-plastics-are-they-play...


Thanks for the info. When 3D printing started to blow up I brushed it off due to the plastic waste I would produce. I need to look into it again it seems.


Also, certain types of 3D printable materials are reusable, if you put in the effort.

https://3dprint.com/42595/extrusionbot-cruncher-recycle/


Another popular plastic (in addition to PLA) is ABS and that is definitely recyclable but not biodegradable-- it's the same kind of plastic Lego are made out of


I would never work for one of those companies, their ethics and morals are disgraceful.

Edit: sorry didn't understand all the letters in the acronym. I don't think Netflix are bad, Apple I'm on the fence, Goog/Face/Amaz no way.


I did a six month contract for Apple Retail Software Engineering in Cupertino.

Most of the guys there were great and I loved working with them.

But I found too many people in the larger organization who expected me to be their own personal Steve Jobs and to know what they wanted and needed before they knew it themselves, and if I couldn't magically deliver that in advance, then I was useless to them.

IMO, I managed to dodge a bullet there. It was a great experience, I learned a lot, and I'm happy to be an Apple customer. But knowing what I know now, I wouldn't want to work there.


Its difficult for the "average user" (define as you please) to know what what path should look like though. Lots of ISPs will have private peerings to others ISPs/content providers/carriers etc. which aren't publically listed anywhere.


I'm not suggesting that the (say) Firefox extension would show the path. It would just show whether the path included devices in whatever country. In this case, China. Users wouldn't need to know details. There are many sources of geolocation data that the extension could draw upon.


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