Often times on HN, people provide links to previous postings merely so others can reference the previous discussions. It's generally not meant to be a call out of bad behavior.
Steve Yegge, high profile developer previously at Google and Amazon, now head of engineering for Data Insights at Grab, wrote a nice blog post about why he quit his job at Google to join Grab:
Some useful background info in https://www.kartar.net/2017/10/prometheus/ on why Turnbull wrote the book, despite being one of the maintainers for a competing monitoring tool, Riemann.
If your input is already sorted (like this article assumes), you can use "sort -m", which is a lot faster. Also, to print only lines with duplicates, use "uniq -d" instead of "uniq -c | grep 2\ ".
Note the change of approach here: instead of making lines from b_list appear twice and grepping for that count, make lines from a_list appear twice and have uniq only print lines that aren't repeated.