Maintainer of Milvus here. A few thoughts from someone who lives this every day:

  1. The free user problem is real, and AI makes it worse. We serve a massive community of free Milvus users — and we're grateful for them, they make the project what it is. But we also feel the tension MinIO is describing. You invest serious engineering effort into stability and bug fixes, and most users will never become paying customers. In the AI era this ratio only gets harder — copy with AI becomes easier than ever

  2. We need better object storage options. As a heavy consumer of object storage, Milvus needs a reliable, performant, and truly open foundation. RustFS is a solid candidate — we've been evaluating it seriously. But we'd love to see more good options emerge. If the ecosystem can't meet our needs long-term, we may have to invest in building our own.

  3. Open source licensing deserves a serious conversation. The Apache 2.0 / Hadoop-era model served us well, but cracks are showing. Cloud vendors and AI companies consume enormous amounts of open-source infrastructure, and the incentives to contribute back are weaker than ever. I don't think the answer is closing the source — but I also don't think "hope enterprises pay for support" scales forever. We need the community to have an honest conversation about what sustainable open source looks like in the AI era. MinIO's move is a symptom worth paying attention to.

Unfortunately, a majority seems to hate GPL these days even though it prevents most of the worst corporate behaviors.

You’re right about the "tension" in OSS. That’s exactly why we are pledging to keeping the RustFS core engine permanently open-source. We want to provide the solid, open foundation you mentioned so that teams like yours don't feel forced to build and maintain a storage layer from scratch.

On the sustainability question—you've described the challenge better than most. We're still figuring out the right model, and I don't think anyone has a perfect answer yet. What we do know is that we're building something technically excellent first, and we're committed to doing it in a way that keeps the core open.

It’s been amazing to watch Milvus grow from its roots in China to gaining global trust and major VC backing. You've really nailed the commercialization, open-source governance, and international credibility aspects.

Regarding RustFS, I think that—much like Milvus in the early days—it just needs time to earn global trust. With storage and databases, trust is built over years; users are naturally hesitant to do large-scale replacements without that long track record.

Haha, maybe Milvus should just acquire RustFS? That would certainly make us feel a lot safer using it!

Yes, I’m the founder and maintainer of the Milvus project, and also a big fan of many AWS projects, including S3, Lambda, and Aurora. Personally, I don’t consider S3Vector to be among the best products in the S3 ecosystem, though I was impressed by its excellent latency control. It’s not particularly fast, nor is it feature-rich, but it seems to embody S3’s design philosophy: being “good enough” for certain scenarios.

In contrast, the products I’ve built usually push for extreme scalability and high performance. Beyond Milvus, I’ve also been deeply involved in the development of HBase and Oracle products. I hope more people will dive into the underlying implementation of S3Vector—this kind of discussion could greatly benefit both the search and storage communities and accelerate their growth.

Full codebase indexing means richer context and better code generation.

100% open-source.