"Outing" yourself is a serious consideration for transpeople, because they have no idea how their families, social circles, or employers will respond once they are aware. Depending on where you live, the reaction could be anything from awkwardness, to ostracism, to physical violence. So there is a much greater need for them to maintain privacy and separate their normal lives" from their trans lives until (and if) they are ready to drop that bombshell.
Imagine you are a closeted transperson, and you go online to talk with people about your issues. Then one day, some major web corporation decides that real names are the way to eliminate online trolling, and retroactively attaches your real name to one of the accounts you were using to maintain your presence. Now all of a sudden, your entire family learns of your condition, when you had no intention of telling them at that time. Worst case scenario, you're a teenager or other dependent that wasn't planning to tell your family until you could support yourself, and your parents decide to kick you out of the house, making you homeless, or force you into therapy and onto antidepressant medication that leads to your suicide.
Because of these very justifiable fears, transpeople can be among the strongest proponents of privacy and online anonymity.
Cryptol was originally designed for the NSA. There's a good article on it in NSA's The Next Wave from 2011 [1], which is also linked under documentation.
It was. It's since been used by all sorts of groups and open sourced. One of the few, good things that come from NSA's Information Assurance Directorate. Btw, below is a better link that isn't sideways and full of NSA's crap.
[0] Just in case someone thinks I'm making this up: http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_identity_disorder