I've been to Peru a few times in the past couple years. Every time I passed through the immigration counter, they swiped my passport through a reader, and up on the customs officer's screen came a list of my travels since getting my current passport. Yeah, Peru sees a lot of tourism traffic -- more than many countries, but they're also not exactly first world, and technology penetration is spotty, at best.

So, yes, they do track you.

(FTR, my passport is pre-RFID.)