Well one can analyze that type systems are till the hell freezes over. I personally do not care as this precise knowledge (assuming it is formalized and exists) is of zero value to me. When I want to walk I just do. I do not dwell on the details of the walking process.
Anyways most likely you do know well what I meant. JS vs C++ for example.
Typescript compiles down to Javascript. And this is the problem. When I say uint16_t in C++ I know how it will be kept in RAM and what I can do with it, how I can pack things together etc. etc. TS lacks this abilities. You can play with terminology all you want but it does not change simple facts.
You could (probably can) compile C++ to JS. What will that be? In the end, code is just data operating on data with no semantics. Your uint16_t is only meaningful to the compiler, the same way as TypeScript types are (with a few caveat).
Anyways most likely you do know well what I meant. JS vs C++ for example.