If you asked chemists questions as "fundamental" as the ones posed to quantum physicists, they'd be exactly as lost because they'd be exactly the same questions. Shockingly, when you have a level of abstraction beneath you you get to have pure empirics, trusting that the foundations add up to get the right answer. If every field of knowledge that relies on empirical evidence rather than a grand unifying theory was stamp collecting, QM would be one of very few that wasn't.