There are noncommercial models for broadcast media, and the fact that some countries ended up with the vast wasteland[1] that is commercially-supported broadcast television and radio isn't an inevitability. It was made to happen, by commercial interests. It could well have been different in the US, and still is in numerous other regions.
See Robert W. McChesney's Telecommunications, mass media and democracy : the battle for control of U.S. broadcasting, 1928-35 (1995)
There are noncommercial models for broadcast media, and the fact that some countries ended up with the vast wasteland[1] that is commercially-supported broadcast television and radio isn't an inevitability. It was made to happen, by commercial interests. It could well have been different in the US, and still is in numerous other regions.
See Robert W. McChesney's Telecommunications, mass media and democracy : the battle for control of U.S. broadcasting, 1928-35 (1995)
https://www.worldcat.org/title/telecommunications-mass-media...
https://archive.org/details/telecommunicatio00mcch
https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=05E6FC47CE851CB143F1DD4...
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Notes:
1. FCC Commissioner Newton Minnow, 1961
https://vimeo.com/55481067
https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2021-05-06/newton-min...