What other cases are there. The only cases I know of are of US laws being "applied" overseas. I don't know of any other country that does this/has the power to do this.
I know that Norway and Sweden apply their anti-prostitution laws to citizens regardless of if they bought sex in a country where it is legal (like Denmark and Germany). Maybe less controversially, they also demand their citizens obey their own stronger anti-bribery laws abroad - I think lots of countries do that.
Canada's human rights laws are (can be) applied globally. IIRC, several countries have laws related to child pornography and prostitution that apply globally.
Technically, the human rights offences aren't applied by nationality (as parent poster brought up); those laws have universal jurisdiction. Most countries have similar laws; the Rome Statute requires that genocide and crimes against humanity be made universal crimes and prosecuted where possible by signatory states.
Is this for people who are German residents/citizens, or for crimes against German citizens? I presume they're not trying people in absentia. I do know Germany can't extradite people in most cases, which might have something to do with it.