The population of Earth is already debatably unsustainable and solving the immediate demographic issues of the US is easier solved through immigration rather than increasing the birth rate, which is politically ironic for Elon. His position makes no sense.
This could be done by maternity/paternity leave, better daycare options, and universal health care. Musk will support none of those, but will support the options that reduce freedom and choices.
None of these actually increase birth rate, looking at countries that do do these things. Denmark, Czechia, and Sweden have expansive pro-fertility programs that have not increased the birth rate noticeably.
Musk is presumably is speaking for SpaceX families and moving to Texas can endanger their lives. If Musk said this wasn't about families, but only about his political ideology, it would be different.