I think it was a combination of things. If I remember correctly, AIM was an AOL subscription exclusive in the beginning so only the dopes on there were using it. The cool kids were on ICQ and I think there were very few AOL users willing or able to use a separate chat client.
Anyway, AOL eventually opened up AIM to everyone and people started using it. It was easier. AIM used screennames. ICQ was cool because you could use any name you wanted but the actual user id was an 8 or 9 digit number (mine was 36915037- not sure why I remember that). It was a total pain in the ass when you wanted to add people to your friend list. Plus, on ICQ you had to receive approval from a user to add them to your buddy list and on AIM you could just add people. Sometimes, you'd sit there in pending approval purgatory wondering if you added the right person with those crazy user id's. AIM was just plain easier.
ICQ had more features and more users, but it was just easier for a lot of them to use AIM so they could chat with their dopey friends who were still using AOL. Meanwhile, AIM was updated with new features frequently and marketed heavily. ICQ still remained relatively popular, but they really sat on their asses over there. After a while AIM caught up and even experimented with video and voice chat while ICQ stayed the same for years.
Eventually, AOL purchased ICQ and basically put it out to pasture. Still, it managed to stick around for a long time. I'm not sure they were expecting that. It's the technology that just won't die.
If everyone that still remember their number would do a "forget password" and add their account to Pidjin (or whatever), maybe they could find long forgotten friends. The problem is that they will see the last cool name they gave to themselves (something like ---~~~ dARk eviL MaGICian ~~~---)
I stopped using ICQ when it started to get way too slow for my computer at the time. I remember the first versions were snappy and quick, then they started adding more and more stuff, and it got too bloated for me. ICQ Lite was too stripped down for me, so I looked for alternatives.
Also, all my friends were jumping on the MSN bandwagon (mostly due to MSN being bundled with Windows), so if I wanted to chat with them, I had to jump along with them. Peer pressure can be a bitch sometimes.
As a German, I would not call it killed. It's very poplar here.
But I think most of my friends use things like Miranda or Gaim/Pidgin and not the bloat-client. Even the lesser tech-savy ones. They got it installed by the nerds ;)
In Russia too, ICQ is the dominant IM protocol. Many geeks use jabber though (together with ICQ).
And Livejournal is the dominant blog platform. I guess the network effect (resulting from being first to market?) has something to do with it.
And, BTW - 282192658. And I used to remember my first cell phone number too for a long time. That's probably because it was so cool to be able to chat / call for the first time.
Just figured I'd mention that ICQ never died for me and mine. It was the first IM service I joined (I still use my original 6-digit UIN), and I just never understood why I should change to MSN or any of the others. I long ago started using all-in-one clients so I could talk to people on MSN, AIM, Google, etc but my core group of friends never saw a reason to leave ICQ's network. ICQ actually had a ton of features no one else did for quite a while. The big one for me: it always saved your chat history (and I love to go back and look at my conversations from ten years ago), while MSN and AIM didn't do this at first.
As I type this, I have MirandaIM open and 5 of my close friends going back 8 years are online via ICQ. I will consider it a great shame if it ever really dies.
I thought the numbers were one of the things that made it fun. Having a low ICQ number showed you were an early adopter, much like having a short URL or twitter name.
Yeah, fun for the million or so first users, not so much for the next 2 billion.
I specifically remember hating those numbers (because I always forgot mine) and being spitefully relieved to switch to MSN Messenger when that came out.
Yeah, it made it fun for the early adopters, and less fun for everyone else. That's not much of a strategy, considering how few early adopters there are.
About 3 years ago, my 6-digit ICQ number got hijacked without any way of getting it back (I had created it with a geocities.com email address). That was when I stopped using it.
My friends has simply notified me that my account was hijacked, as I rarely actually logged in anymore. My friends said that they would IM my account, and get a response either in russian, or in very broken English, informing them that this is a russian now.
Upon which they called me to ask if I was pretending to be russian.
I think it was mostly multi-protocol clients, which are not limited to one network, and products that one-upped IM like Skype or gTalk. Other than that, is ICQ more dead than MSN messenger or Yahoo's IM or AIM?
Anyway, AOL eventually opened up AIM to everyone and people started using it. It was easier. AIM used screennames. ICQ was cool because you could use any name you wanted but the actual user id was an 8 or 9 digit number (mine was 36915037- not sure why I remember that). It was a total pain in the ass when you wanted to add people to your friend list. Plus, on ICQ you had to receive approval from a user to add them to your buddy list and on AIM you could just add people. Sometimes, you'd sit there in pending approval purgatory wondering if you added the right person with those crazy user id's. AIM was just plain easier.
ICQ had more features and more users, but it was just easier for a lot of them to use AIM so they could chat with their dopey friends who were still using AOL. Meanwhile, AIM was updated with new features frequently and marketed heavily. ICQ still remained relatively popular, but they really sat on their asses over there. After a while AIM caught up and even experimented with video and voice chat while ICQ stayed the same for years.
Eventually, AOL purchased ICQ and basically put it out to pasture. Still, it managed to stick around for a long time. I'm not sure they were expecting that. It's the technology that just won't die.