I find vector images to be a godsend when creating responsive web sites. They are easy to implement and 'future proof' your website so when the next iDevice comes out with twice the resolution as the current gen retina devices your icons will look just as crisp. Of course Bitmap images remain a pain in the bum.
Good point. What you can do though, is to use media queries to load up different SVGs based on the screen resolution of the device. With a progressive enhancement approach you would load up the icons minimized for small displays by default, then work your way up.
Out of curiosity, how do you handle bitmap images? My course of action up until this point has been to open up the original in Photoshop and double the size (mileage varies a bit but seems to work well). Do you have any recommendations for another approach?