Pretty much anytime in the past, but mainly industrial revolution, up until an inflection point sometime in the 1970s. While many major areas of knowledge work have suffered from becoming profit focused the advancement of technology for societal advancement is still in existence today, even many of the major AI involved researchers have done so irrespective of monetary gain and at least make the claim that much of the push for capital is simply as a necessary requirement to sustain the research as costs increase exponentially. That's one of the reasons long tail AI profitability is dubious, but also a indicator of the aforementioned risk. If capital becomes the primary driver, i.e. self advancing AI, then it's very unlikely to be continued in any way for the sake of benefits to humanity.