This is one of the scenarios where I feel we as engineers should have been more diligent in publicly writing down what techniques have worked in which scenarios and what haven't, and the AI could have gathered decades of operational knowledge and provide proper guidance to architects designing new systems. It's also true that we're witnessing unprecedented levels of scale.

Thundering herds and circuit breakers are extremely well documented and practiced in production. AI absolutely knows about this.

But knowing when to use which strategy and when a simple retry suffices is precisely the type of thing humans will remain to be better at than AI for the foreseeable future.

I think the “thundering herd” problem is pretty extensively documented

Don't forget jitter as well. Otherwise your clients will just coordinate their retries.