I usually notice the problem just after clicking on the send button so 5 seconds would be plenty of time for me. I conjecture most people are like that.
I agree that we all notice the problem immediately after clicking the send button.
The question is, would having an X second delay cause that moment of realization to shift to the point right after the delay has run out? I bet it would.
It's more a concern that I'd have both hands on the keyboard and the mouse cursor somewhere unknown over several screens ... and not being able to hit undo fast enough, rather than not realising in 5 seconds.