"the same net number of particles has to pass through each point"

Agreed: the corollary to the "the sparse particles just in front of the dense ones" is the "sparse ones just behind the next wave of dense ones", which are, in fact, decelerating, or moving backward even closer to the speed of sound than the dense ones relative to the reference frame. So individual particles oscillate back and forth, but net effect is no movement (to the reference frame of the average speed of the particles, which is a third reference frame :-) )