Thanks for your illustrative example of the No True Scotsman fallacy. Good to know that capitalism, by definition, cannot fail, since anything which fails will be redefined to not be capitalism.
Now, get in line with all the "but communism was never really tried" folks.
Capitalism with strong state control is called Mercantilism. Or proto-capitalism, if you want. A few hundred years ago the main tools used today existed already: banks, loans, stocks, contracts of all kinds. The main difference was that the state believed (much like in a lot of third-world countries today) that tight regulation is normal and necessary. The moment the main source of income shifted from agriculture to industry and commerce was the moment the state started to use it for its own purposes (which usually were war related).
Not surprisingly, it did not work very well. Regulations went as far as dictate the type of products which could be produced, by whom and with what technology. Any newcomer had to obtain licence first and start production later, and any company which had an advantage in inovation only was pretty dead from the start. The incumbents always fought tooth and nail to keep things as they are, and since they had the support of the state they usually succeeded. In one extreme case this meant the execution of 16,000 small entrepreneurs whose only crime was importing or manufacturing cotton cloth in violation of French law. (last sentence is copy paste from Wikipedia).
Now, again, except the state control the economic climate looked surprisingly like today. Which is why there are still countries that proclaim to be capitalist, even when in practice it's impossible to build a successful business without political support. The difference is not semantic, it is very real.
Do you remember the recent case of the homeless shoe shiner who had to pay $400 for a licence? That would be the exception. In that time (and now in many countries), it was not only the rule, but the licence would cost you a lot more then one month's rent.
Now, get in line with all the "but communism was never really tried" folks.