Will women receive more power in society because they are more sought after?
No, they'll receive even less power, because they become scarce goods and thus commodities and thus less empowered as people. The ability of a guy to get his pick of the women or maintain multiple women at the expense of other guys will become a status symbol, and nowhere in that picture does one see respect or empowerment for the women.
Will societies 'losers' unable to find wives become resentful and prone to violence or substance abuse?
Yep, as has always been the case.
Will new types of un-orthodox relationships become more common?
Depends what you mean by unorthodox.
Will marriage/divorce rates increase/decrease?
See point 1. I'd wager divorce rates will decrease, though marriage rates will increase (women should have no problem finding men).
Will men leave for other nearby countries for a better chance at finding a spouse?
Almost certainly, especially if the alternative is staying in a lonely environmental shithole.
I think you are missing a very fine point. The wealth gap in China is the only factor that comes into play. Men who cannot find a wife will almost always be in the working class. The middle and upper classes will be fine. Since China treats their working class so poorly, there will likely be no effect on their society socially.
One of China's biggest fears as a nation is the unrest among the working class. They are the backbone of China's manufacturing economy. This is the only thing I would worry about.
Marriage rates might follow the path of South Korea or Japan and fall precipitously anyway. Mostly because women earning major money don't seem to have the urge to rush into deeply patriarchal relationships.
Will women receive more power in society because they are more sought after?
No, they'll receive even less power, because they become scarce goods and thus commodities and thus less empowered as people. The ability of a guy to get his pick of the women or maintain multiple women at the expense of other guys will become a status symbol, and nowhere in that picture does one see respect or empowerment for the women.
Will societies 'losers' unable to find wives become resentful and prone to violence or substance abuse?
Yep, as has always been the case.
Will new types of un-orthodox relationships become more common?
Depends what you mean by unorthodox.
Will marriage/divorce rates increase/decrease?
See point 1. I'd wager divorce rates will decrease, though marriage rates will increase (women should have no problem finding men).
Will men leave for other nearby countries for a better chance at finding a spouse?
Almost certainly, especially if the alternative is staying in a lonely environmental shithole.