While this relationship is profound, i'm not sure it has led to any industry or academic shifts in understanding. Every equation on this list has single handedly expanded a respective field of study by its discovery.

Covered by Fourier Transforms.

The equations for Nash Equilibrium and Fermat's Little Theorem are two I would have liked to see.

Yes, I think Nash equilibrium will be way more influential in the long-term than Black-Scholes.

Neither one of them should be on there. Both rest upon the false assumption of human rationality. They are delusions masquerading as mathematical truth.

Black Scholes doesn't assume rational market participants.

It does make other bogus assumptions though. Normal distributions, risk free interest rates,...

I thought the problem with Black-Scholes is that it didn't factor in the use of Black-Scholes by participants.

That's an interesting perspective. And it's a perspective that would be familiar to any student of cybernetics and social systems theory: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-order_cybernetics so-called second order cybernetics. Fascinating stuff I think.

One could argue that with i^2=-1 and the taylor expansion of sine and cosine and the exponential, one get's that.